No clue on Goldwings, but in automotive design, it is an emissions related function. In lower gears, the timing is not advanced(depending on operating temp). In higher gears, the ECM will advance/retard the timing as needed in an attempt to help control exhaust emissions.
Mid- '70s cars started using this idea, using a temp sensor, gear position switch, and then vacuum controlling the advance on the ignition, and the EGR valve in some cases. For instance, on my '74 Corvette, with it sitting still, idling, I can put the shifter in 4th gear, and the idle speed will increase after a few seconds(there is also a timer in the system), indicating the timing has been advanced.
It's basically an EPA issue...it really has nothing to do with the performance aspect, other than killing some of the low speed power that you would have without the interference of the silly system. :yes: