The spectrum is large, but the peak of the sun's output is IR-UV. "According to the UCAR COMET Program, about 43% of radiant energy from the sun is in the visible part of the spectrum. That is the total amount of the sun's energy integrated over wavelengths between about 400-700nm. Roughly 49% of solar radiation is infrared between 700nm-1mm; about 7% is from ultra-violet between 100-400mm; less than 1% of solar radiation is emitted as x-rays, gamma rays and radio waves." - NOAA
And because of the presence of a very strong magnetosphere (charged as a result of reluctance from solar wind), only a small fraction of it actually makes it through the Van Allen belts, into our atmosphere. It seems strange, but the sun's electromagnetic radiation is responsible for creating the magnetosphere around the earth which PROTECTS it. When that protection varies, so does everything within it. When the soar indicies change, the earth's magnetic flux modulates... and here we are, sitting in the equivalent of a large microwave oven.
The sunspot cycle (in it's 11 year AND other cycles) is an instability, and concordantly, affects the stability of our magnetosphere. During the peak of a sunspot cycle, the sun 'flares'... Coronal Mass Ejections... like a big zit popping, and chunks of hot plasma get thrown out. It's not unusual for one of these to hit the earth. it takes about two days to get here, and here's a really neat video of what happened:
https://www.universetoday.com/100969/this-is-what-can-happen-when-a-cme-hits-earth/
And here's a nice documentary on the relationship of our magnetosphere, with the earth:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N5utQxtma2U&feature=emb_rel_end
During the peak of the last solar cycle, we had three CMEs that impacted our weather, and interestingly enough, the most powerful had very little noticeable impact, while the other two were very noticeable, particularly to a friend of mine who came to visit me in my radio room to learn more about electromagnetic radiation. (BTW... he's a great keyboard player, and really good at distilling liquor, but electricity and radio were total voodoo until I showed him). But his curiosity was why a CME would totally screw up his (admittedly already wrong) forecasts.
The reason why the most powerful had no impact, is because the Pacific Ocean was facing the CME's approach when it hit.
The oceans provide us with a very critical energy absorber when these things slap us... and while it seems to be a catch-all, it ain't for free- a CME can raise the ocean's temperature by a half-degree for the top 100 feet of water over a HUGE amount of area, and that slight change has a substantial impact on ocean currents, evaporation, and storm creation.
Simply put- a solar storm ALWAYS results in atmospheric storms. Geomagnetic fluctuations change the level (and frequency range) of radiation which is reflected, vs., what is absorbed.
Look back at 1600 through 1750... the Maunder Minimum. Read the historical reports of the weather circumstances, they're amazingly detailed... and the sunspot counting was done, and corroborated by unrelated parties around the globe.... Monks, astronomers, sailors counted sunspots, so the observational data is pleasantly very secure in quality.
If this is true, then we should be seeing an 11-year, 46-year, and 112-year cycle in earth's temperature. AFAIK, this ain't the case - temperature increase doesn't correlate well, and if we subtract out the effects of the 11 year cycle, the global warming problem IIRC gets worse - the lower sun output caused a slower rate of warming.
We DO, but how the earth's weather IN SPECIFIC, is totally dependant upon many, many factors. It has a very RAPID effect on 2-way radio communications, which is why HAM Radio Operators have sites like this:
https://www.wm7d.net/hamradio/solar/index.shtml
The simplest fact, is that the fluctuations we see in solar output, are very slight in comparison to it's AVERAGE output, but those fluctuations are easily 100 orders-of-magnitude greater than that which the concentration of CO2 could ever be even remotely significant.
From a similar perspective, let's say I'm driving southwest out of Portales, New Mexico on US Hwy 70. Because of the (extremely flat, but atop somewhat of a high area) terrain, I can see the headlights of oncoming vehicles down in Elkins (it's a LONG way...). Per my prior example, we blame the overheating of my vehicle on the energy coming from the headlights of the oncoming truck. As he gets closer, the headlights get closer, and my engine is getting hotter, but that truck is still 18 miles away. It makes sense that the truck, getting closer, is therefore the cause of my engine overheating, right?
Now I come up over the next rise, my engine is really hot, and in my fatigue, find myself splattered to the front of that Kenworth.
The energy of the Kenworth totally annhilates not only me, but my motorcycle. Stands to reason that the headlights of the truck were the problem all along, right?
Of course not. The energy emitted by those lights, even though very visible, and increasing steadily, was not in any way responsible for the failure of my engine to cool... and as for the demise of my Aspy, and of course, myself... it COULD have been attributed to the overheating, but in reality, if it were daytime, and I was not dehydrated, and not fatigued, I would not have crossed the centerline.
Just to be really clear:
The climate IS changing. It has been in a constant state-of-change since the very first existance... LONG before there were cars... long before their were people. Long before there were animals, fish, and plants. WE (humanity) are so small in comparision, that we're statistically insignificant in this planet's macroclimactic impact.
BTW... the earth is gaining weight. My father-in-law disagrees, but he doesn't seem to realize that in an average year, the earth gains about 200,000lbs, and you can actually WATCH it happen... each time there's a meteor shower. We might lose 35,000lbs of mass by sending up a rocket, but very little material here actually 'leaves' our little spinning space-port.
Long ago, when I was a little boy, I walked 17 miles to school, both ways, uphill, with no shoes, carrying my sister. Once by brother turned 14, Dad handed him controls to the family Brontosaurus. Me, and my 19 of my brothers and sisters rode to school on that sweet old Bronte, and parked it out in the school lot, 'till the one day the neighborhood bully rode in on a T-Rex... it turned the lot into a bloodbath, and it was back to walkin' for us. We never got the Bronte replaced... Before insurance, we had a club, and it provided good protection for our cave, it didn't provide coverage for road hazards.
(So does our global dimming problem, but I digress.)
Global Dimming? Holy $#it... all this time, I just thought it went along with arthritis and having to carry around these damnedreading glasses! :smilie_happy: :smilie_happy: :smilie_happy: